__________ Is an Area of Public Relations That Focuses on Proactive

question 45

Multiple Choice

__________ is an area of public relations that focuses on proactive monitoring and management to prevent crises from happening.

• A) Issues management
• B) Contention management
• C) Deprecation management
• D) Vilification management

Understand decision-making centralization and decentralization in organizational contexts.

Grasp the concept and implications of the span of management in organizations.

Differentiate between tall and flat organizational structures, including their impact on communication and management.

Understand the timeline of cognitive and language development in children.

---

Definitions:

Reinforcement

In behavioral psychology, it refers to a stimulus or event that increases the likelihood of the recurrence of a particular behavior.

Punishment

A negative consequence applied following an undesired behavior to decrease the likelihood of that behavior occurring again.

Extinction

The process by which a previously learned behavior diminishes in frequency or disappears as a result of the absence of reinforcement.

Spontaneous Recovery

A phenomenon in classical conditioning where a previously extinguished response re-emerges after a period of non-exposure to the conditioned stimulus.