The Threat to Internal Validity Called "Instrumentation" Refers to

question 9

Multiple Choice

The threat to internal validity called "instrumentation" refers to

• A) failures in the electronic equipment sometimes used to collect data.
• B) problems that are beyond the evaluator's control.
• C) changes in the meaning of the scores of the measures used.
• D) that which cannot be a threat to pretest/posttest designs.

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Definitions:

Binding Arbitration Clause

A contract provision that requires the parties to resolve disputes through arbitration rather than through the court system.

Fees

Charges levied by a service provider for specific services rendered or to cover certain expenses.

Arbitrator Selection

The process of choosing an impartial third party to resolve a dispute in arbitration, typically agreed upon by all parties involved.

Negotiation

A discussion aimed at reaching an agreement where two or more parties with different needs and goals discuss an issue to find a mutually acceptable solution.