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According to Craik and Lockhart, When Individuals Think About the Actual

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Short Answer

According to Craik and Lockhart, when individuals think about the actual objects or actions that the words they are trying to memorize represent, they are using _____ encoding.


Definitions:

Long-Term Memory

The phase of the memory process that allows the storage of information over extended periods, potentially lifelong.

Recall

The cognitive process of retrieving past information or experiences from memory without the aid of explicit cues.

Errors

Mistakes or inaccuracies in action, calculation, opinion, or judgment caused by poor reasoning, carelessness, or insufficient knowledge.

Working Memory

A brain function of limited capability designed to hold information in the short term for later processing.

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