Which of the Following Are Examples of the Framing Effect

question 3

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are examples of the framing effect?

• A)Campus "Public Interest Research Groups" receive more operating funds from student registration fees when the default choice is to contribute but a box must be checked to opt out versus a default of not contributing but checking a box to contribute.
• B)Shoppers often purchase extended service and warranty plans even though expected losses are much smaller than the cost of the plans.
• C)In a repeated classroom experiment, half the class was randomly picked to receive an iPod Shuffle of music from the 1970s.The average value placed on the Shuffle is consistently higher for students who received the Shuffle than for those who didn't.
• D)A busy executive who wants to exercise more joins a bicycling club where fellow members will exert pressure upon him if he doesn't go biking.
• E)All of the above.

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Definitions:

Behavior Modification

The use of empirically demonstrated behavior change techniques to increase or decrease certain behaviors.

Systematic Desensitization

A behavioral therapy technique used to reduce phobic responses and anxiety through gradual exposure to the feared object or situation coupled with relaxation training.

Addictive Drug

A substance that causes dependency or addiction, characterized by a compulsive desire to continue taking the drug despite harmful consequences.

Unwanted Behaviors

Actions or reactions that are considered inappropriate, undesirable, or not in accordance with social norms or personal expectations.