Dr Xiong Conducts a Study Examining Whether People Feel More

question 30

Multiple Choice

Dr. Xiong conducts a study examining whether people feel more motivated when music is playing versus when there is silence. At first, his findings appear to indicate that those in the "music condition" do better. However, he learns that his research assistant encouraged the participants in the music condition but did not encourage those in the silent condition. Now, Dr. Xiong doesn't know whether the better performance was due to the music or the encouragement. Dr. Xiong's study has poor:

• A)external validity.
• B)extraneous validity.
• C)content validity.
• D)internal validity.

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Definitions:

Expected Outcome

The anticipated result of an action, decision, or event, based on current knowledge, probabilities, and reasoning.

Utility

In economics, the satisfaction or benefit derived by consuming a product or service.

Insurance Policy

A contract between an insurer and a policyholder in which the insurer agrees to compensate the policyholder for loss or damage specified in the policy, in exchange for premiums paid by the policyholder.

Expected Utility

A theory in economics that calculates the utility expected from risky or uncertain investments, aiming to quantify preferences over risky alternatives.