Which of These Aqueous Solutions Has the Lowest PH

question 2

Multiple Choice

Which of these aqueous solutions has the lowest pH?

• A)0.100 M NaOH
• B)0.100 M Na₂O
• C)0.100 M Na₃N
• D)all of these solutions have the same pH due to the leveling effect
• E)these all are solutions of weak bases, so K_b values are needed in order to decide

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Definitions:

Higher-Order Conditioning

Higher-order conditioning is a form of learning in which a stimulus is paired with a previously conditioned stimulus, leading to an association and conditioned response to the new stimulus, even though it was never directly associated with the unconditioned stimulus.

Sensory Preconditioning

A learning process where a neutral stimulus becomes capable of eliciting a response after being paired with another stimulus that naturally evokes a reaction.

Conditioned Response

A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that has been repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus.

Contiguity

A principle in psychology and learning theory that suggests that events experienced close together in time or space are likely to be associated with each other.