While Innate Immune Responses to All Types of Infections Induce $\alpha$

question 16

Multiple Choice

While innate immune responses to all types of infections induce local inflammatory responses due to activation of blood vessel endothelial cells, some components of the innate response differ depending on the nature of the pathogen. In the case of intracellular bacterial or protozoan infections, tissue-resident dendritic cells and macrophages produce a cytokine that stimulates ILC cells to produce:

• A) IL-13
• B) TNF-\(\alpha\)
• C) IL17
• D) IL22
• E) IFN-\(\gamma\)

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Definitions:

Ablation

Removal of cells or tissues, often through surgical means.

Cortex Removed

Describes a condition or experimental scenario where the outer layer of the cerebrum (cortex) is surgically removed or absent.

Maze Running

Maze running often relates to a method used in behavioral experiments to assess learning, memory, and spatial navigation skills in animals.

Rat's Age

An informal expression meaning a very long time, used to indicate that something hasn't happened for or hasn't been seen in a long time.