An Experiment Was Done to Compare the Effect of Having

question 19

Multiple Choice

An experiment was done to compare the effect of having a conversation via a hands-free mobile phone, having a conversation with an in-car passenger, and no distraction (baseline) on driving accuracy. Twenty participants from two different age groups (18-25 years and 26-40 years) took part. All participants in both age groups took part in all three conditions of the experiment (in counterbalanced order) , and their driving accuracy was measured by a layperson who remained unaware of the experimental hypothesis.
-Which of the following sentences regarding the results of the simple contrasts of the distraction variable is correct?

• A)The first contrast tells us that driving accuracy was not significantly different when having a conversation with a passenger compared to when having no conversation, F(1, 18) = .03, p = .87.
• B)The first contrast tells us that driving accuracy was not significantly different when having a conversation with a passenger compared to having a conversation via a hands-free mobile phone, F(1, 18) = .03, p < .87.
• C)The first contrast tells us that driving accuracy was significantly different when having a conversation with a passenger compared to when having no conversations, F(1, 18) = .03, p = .001.
• D)The first contrast tells us that driving accuracy was significantly different when having a conversation with a passenger compared to having a conversation via a hands-free mobile phone, F(1, 18) = .03, p < .87.

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Definitions:

Environmental Influences

External factors such as culture, education, social relationships, and physical surroundings that affect individual behavior and development.

Nature

The phenomena of the physical world collectively, including plants, animals, the landscape, and other features and products of the earth, as opposed to humans or human creations.

Academic Performance

The extent to which a student, teacher, or institution has achieved their short or long-term educational goals.

Identical Twins

Twins who develop from a single fertilized egg, therefore sharing the same genetic material, and typically, but not necessarily, the same appearance.