A Nutritionist Conducted an Experiment on Memory for Dreams

question 31

Multiple Choice

A nutritionist conducted an experiment on memory for dreams. She wanted to test whether it really was true that eating cheese before going to bed made you have bad dreams. Over three nights, the nutritionist fed people different foods before bed. On one night they had nothing to eat, a second night they had a big plate of cheese, and the third night they had another dairy product, milk, before bed. All people were given all foods at some point over the three nights. The nutritionist measured heart rate during dreams as an index of distress. Which statement is the correct way to report these results?

• A)There was no significant effect of food on the distress caused by memories, F(2, 76) = 2.27, p = .11.
• B)There was a significant effect of food on the distress caused by memories, F(2, 76) = 2.27, p < .05.
• C)There was a significant effect of food on the distress caused by memories, F(1.97, 74.90) = 2.27.
• D)There was no significant effect of food on the distress caused by memories, F(1.97, 74.90) = 2.27.

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Definitions:

Self-Enhancement Motive

The inherent desire to improve one’s self-image and to present oneself in a positive light to others.

Self-Enhancement Motive

The drive to maintain or improve one’s self-view or self-esteem, often by focusing on positive feedback and downplaying negatives.

Appraisal Motive

The desire to learn the truth about oneself, including one's traits, abilities, and feelings.

Consistency Motive

The driving force behind individuals' desire to maintain harmony and consistency among their beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors.