Vance Recently Took Over the Role of Director of an Academic

question 7

Multiple Choice

Vance recently took over the role of director of an academic unit at a large university. While Vance has a Type A personality and is very organized and direct, his predecessor was very Type B and liked to role with the flow. Due to his predecessor's personality, it is likely Vance will experience a long period of difficult change due to which phenomena?

• A) utilitarianism
• B) formal regulation
• C) ethics
• D) historical precedent
• E) anchoring bias

---

Definitions:

Return

The gain or loss generated on an investment over a particular period, expressed as a percentage of the investment’s initial cost.

Internal Rate

An internal rate of return (IRR) is a metric used in capital budgeting to estimate the profitability of potential investments.

Independent Project

A project undertaken by an entity or individual that operates independently of other concurrent initiatives, not impacting or influenced by them.

Profitability Index

A financial metric used to determine the desirability of an investment, calculated as the present value of future cash flows divided by the initial investment cost.