The DNA of Virtually Every Cell Is Underwound (I

question 2

Short Answer

The DNA of virtually every cell is underwound (i.e., negatively supercoiled) relative to B-form DNA. In bacteria, an enzyme called (a) _____ introduces negative supertwists into DNA using (b) _____ as a source of energy. This enzyme is classified as a type (c) _____, which affects the linking number in steps of (d) _____. The usual substrate for this enzyme within an E. coli cell is the bacterial chromosome. This circular DNA molecule of 4,700,000 base pairs has a linking number of approximately (e) _____ when it is closed and relaxed. This enzyme would (f) _____ (decrease/increase/not change) this linking number when acting upon this DNA molecule in the presence of the above energy source.

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Definitions:

Recurring

Recurring means occurring repeatedly or periodically, often with a consistent pattern or interval.

Irrational Thought

A type of thinking that is not based on reason or logic, often characterized by unrealistic expectations or assumptions.

Behavior Control

Techniques or strategies used to change or manipulate actions or responses to achieve desired outcomes.

Obsessions

Persistent, unwanted, and intrusive thoughts or urges that cause significant anxiety or distress.