_____ Are General Management Techniques That Allow Subordinates to Bypass

question 54

Multiple Choice

_____ are general management techniques that allow subordinates to bypass immediate managers and take concerns to upper management when the subordinates perceive a lack of support from their immediate manager.

• A)Line of command detours
• B)Open-door policies
• C)Circumvention strategies
• D)Supervisory detours
• E)Organizational review boards

Grasp the concept and significance of economic communities in global trade.

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of standardization versus adaptation strategies in international markets.

Know the key environmental factors that influence consumer purchase ability and behavior.

Identify types of companies that experience countercyclical sales.

---

Definitions:

Total Job Cost

The total expense attributed to producing a specific job, including materials, labor, and overhead costs.

Predetermined Overhead Rate

A rate calculated before a period begins, used to allocate manufacturing overhead costs to individual units of production based on a chosen activity base.

Machine-Hours

A measure of production volume or activity based on the number of hours machines are operated in the manufacturing process.

Fixed Manufacturing Overhead

Fixed manufacturing overhead consists of the production costs that do not vary with the volume of production, such as rent for the manufacturing facility, salaries of manufacturing managers, and depreciation of factory equipment.