Note: the Solutions to Most of the Multiple Choice Questions $\begin{array} { |l| } \hline \alpha\\ \hline \text { 1}\\ \hline \text {0 }\\\hline\end{array}$

question 110

Multiple Choice

Note: the solutions to most of the multiple choice questions in these sections use what call the standard assignment of truth values to atomic propositions. The standard assignment of truth values assigns the values given here to the variables in the wffs in the exercises, when read left to right. So, the first variable in the formula read left to right gets the α assignment; the second variable in the formula read left to right (if any) gets the β assignment; the third variable in the formula read left to right (if any) gets the γ assignment; and the fourth variable in the formula read left to right (if any) gets the δ assignment.
For exercises with only one propositional variable, the standard assignment is:
$\begin{array} { |l| } \hline \alpha\\ \hline \text { 1}\\ \hline \text {0 }\\\hline\end{array}$

For exercises with two propositional variables, the standard assignment is:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | } \hline \alpha& \boldsymbol { \beta } \\\hline 1 & 1 \\\hline 1 & 0 \\\hline 0 & 1 \\\hline0& 0\\\hline\end{array}$$
For exercises with three propositional variables, the standard assignment is:
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | } \hline \alpha & \beta & \gamma \\\hline 1 & 1 & 1 \\\hline 1 & 1 & 0 \\\hline 1 & 0 & 1 \\\hline 1 & 0& 0e \\\hline 0 & 1 & 1 \\\hline 0 & 1 & 0 \\\hline 0 &0& 1 \\\hline 0 & 0& 0 \\\hline\end{array}$$
For exercises with four propositional variables, the standard assignment is:
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | } \hline \alpha & \boldsymbol { \beta } &\gamma& \delta\ \\\hline 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\\hline 1 & 1 & 1 & 0 \\\hline 1 & 1 & 0 & 1 \\\hline 1 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\\hline 1 & 0 & 1 & 1 \\\hline 1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\\hline 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\\hline 1 & 0& 0 & 0 \\\hline 0 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\\hline 0 & 1 & 1 &0 \\\hline\end{array}$$
$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | } \hline 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 \\\hline 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\\hline 0& 0 & 1 & 1 \\\hline 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\\hline 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\\hline 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\\hline\end{array}$$
$$\begin{array} { |l | l | l | l |} \hline 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 \\\hline\end{array}$$
For each of the given propositions, determine which of the given sequences properly describes the column under the main operator, given the standard assignment of truth values to atomic propositions.
-(M $\lor$ N) • (M $\lor$ ?N)

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The movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.

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The movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

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A test that records the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time and is used to detect heart problems and monitor the heart's status in many situations.