[Solved] A core assumption of early theories of associative learning was that learning did not require any thinking, or cognition. Animals, it was widely assumed, did not have "minds" and certainly could not "think" in anyway like humans do. A classic series of studies conducted in the 1930s at the University of California at Berkeley, began to challenge this assumption. These experiments that involved rats finding their way through mazes and which demonstrated latent learning were conducted by psychologist A)Edward Tolman. B)B. F. Skinner. C)John B. Watson. D)Albert Bandura. Marketing Reasons: The underlying motives or justifications for implementing particular marketing strategies or actions to achieve business objectives. Autoerotic Asphyxia: A form of sexual masochism linking strangulation with masturbation. Strangulation: The act of compressing the neck of a person, leading to potential unconsciousness or death due to the obstruction of blood flow and air to the brain. Masturbation: The sexual stimulation of one's own genitals, often to the point of orgasm.