Polymorphisms in the IL-2R $\alpha$ Chain Gene Are Associated with Multiple Autoimmune Diseases, Including Type

question 22

Multiple Choice

Polymorphisms in the IL-2R $\alpha$ chain gene are associated with multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes, vitiligo, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, autoimmune thyroiditis, and juvenile arthritis. One hypothesis for this striking list of disease associations with polymorphisms in the IL-2R $\alpha$ chain gene is that these alterations affect the function of FoxP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells. If this was the case, one would expect that disease-associated alleles of the IL-2R $\alpha$ chain gene would:

• A) Result in enhanced IL-2 production by FoxP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells
• B) Result in enhanced proliferation of FoxP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells
• C) Lead to reduced IL-2 production by FoxP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells
• D) Lead to enhanced development of FoxP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells in the thymus
• E) Result in reduced responsiveness of FoxP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells to IL-2

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Definitions:

Volume

The quantity or amount of something, often used in context with production, sales, or trading activities.

Mixed Cost

Expenses that have both variable and fixed components, varying with the level of production or sales to some degree.

Relevant Range

The range of activity or production level within which the assumed cost behavior patterns are valid, typically influencing fixed and variable costs.

Variable Costs

Costs that change in proportion to the level of production activity or volume, such as materials and labor directly involved in production.