A Study Is Conducted to Assess the Effectiveness of a New

question 48

Multiple Choice

A study is conducted to assess the effectiveness of a new medication X added to standard antihypertensive therapy compared to standard antihypertensive therapy alone for preventing the development of proteinuria in patients recently diagnosed with essential hypertension.  Five years after diagnosis, 97 of 100 patients on the medication X + standard antihypertensive therapy regimen have not developed proteinuria, and 90 of 100 patients on a standard antihypertensive therapy regimen have not developed proteinuria.  According to these results, which of the following represents the approximate number of patients with essential hypertension who need to be treated with medication X to prevent an additional patient from developing proteinuria within 5 years?

• A)3
• B)7
• C)10
• D)15
• E)70

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Definitions:

Fundamental Niche

The full range of environmental conditions and resources an organism can theoretically use without the influence of competition or predators.

Realized Niche

The actual environmental conditions under which an organism lives, including factors like habitat, resources, and competitors, as opposed to potential living spaces.

Species Richness

The number of different species represented in an ecological community, landscape, or region, often used to assess biodiversity.

Latitude

A geographical coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the Earth's surface.